Nigeria is a vibrant country known for its rich tapestry of cultures, proudly featuring over 500 indigenous languages. These languages carry the stories of our ancestors, shaping traditions and identity. Yet, with each passing generation, their use declines as English tightens its grip on education, business, and daily communication. This raises an important question: is English overpowering local dialects, and if so, what does this mean for our heritage?
The Gradual Decline of Indigenous Languages
Historically, Nigeria’s multilingual nature made English a unifying language, especially during colonial rule. It became the official language of governance and education, enabling communication across different ethnic groups. Over time, it became a status symbol associated with intelligence and opportunity. Today, many parents insist on raising their children with English as their first language, often at the expense of their native tongues. In urban areas, it is not uncommon to find children who understand but cannot speak their mother tongue fluently.
The decline of a language is a deeply alarming trend that warrants urgent attention. When a language fades away, it does not just vanish; it erases a unique perspective on the world, along with the traditions and cultural identity intricately woven into its fabric. Each language serves as a vessel for the history, values, and lived experiences of its speakers. The loss of a language represents a profound cultural tragedy that diminishes the richness of human expression.
Language is not just a tool for communication; it is a key to understanding the nuanced ways in which communities interpret their environment, relate to one another, and convey their collective memories. When a language diminishes, the stories, folklore, and wisdom of generations can be lost forever. UNESCO has already classified several Nigerian languages as endangered, and some, like Ajawa in Bauchi State, have completely disappeared. If this continues, many of Nigeria’s indigenous languages could vanish within a few generations.
Preserving Our Linguistic Heritage
Positive changes are underway to reshape this trajectory. Recently, policies promoting native language education have emerged, emphasizing early childhood learning in indigenous tongues. Technology is also playing a crucial role, with mobile apps, YouTube tutorials, and social media content helping young Nigerians reconnect with their roots. Additionally, the entertainment industry is embracing local languages through music, films, and literature, making them more appealing to younger generations.
However, true preservation requires a collective effort. Parents must actively teach their children native languages, schools should integrate them into curricula beyond the early years, and society must stop equating English proficiency with intelligence. Countries like Japan and Germany have retained their native languages while excelling globally—Nigeria can do the same.
The vitality of indigenous languages hinges on their everyday use. If we do not actively speak, teach, and celebrate them, they will vanish, leaving future generations disconnected from their cultural heritage. English may be a tool for progress, but our languages are the soul of who we are. It is essential to take proactive steps now to ensure their survival and prosperity.
Written by: Miracle Chinwendu Amadi
